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511.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 9254 Steel

511.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 9254 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 511.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 50
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.0
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
72
Shear Strength, MPa 120
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 150
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 83
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 36
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.2
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.8
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.7
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 51
450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.5
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93.3 to 96.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.51 to 0.59
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.6 to 0.8
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.15
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
96.1 to 97.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.6 to 0.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.3 to 0.7
1.2 to 1.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0