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518.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI M34 Steel

518.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M34 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 518.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M34 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 310
800 to 2170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 620
1540
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1500
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 98
24
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
32
Density, g/cm3 2.7
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.4
9.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
27 to 74
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 40
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
25 to 67

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.1 to 92.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.85 to 0.92
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.5 to 4.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
7.8 to 8.8
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.8
71.3 to 76.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 7.5 to 8.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
7.8 to 9.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.35
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.4 to 2.1
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.9 to 2.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.25
0