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712.0 Aluminum vs. AISI 431 Stainless Steel

712.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 431 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 712.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 75 to 90
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 4.5 to 4.7
15 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140 to 180
430 to 610
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
77
Shear Strength, MPa 180
550 to 840
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 250 to 260
890 to 1380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 180 to 200
710 to 1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
850
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
9.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 11
140 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 270
1270 to 2770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 25
32 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 30 to 31
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
7.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
28 to 43

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.7 to 94
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
15 to 17
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
78.2 to 83.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.5 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.3 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 5.0 to 6.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0