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712.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HT Steel

712.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HT steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 712.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HT steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 75 to 90
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.5 to 4.7
4.6
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140 to 180
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 250 to 260
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 180 to 200
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
1.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
31
Density, g/cm3 3.0
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
5.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
76
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 11
19
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 270
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 25
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 30 to 31
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.7 to 94
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.35 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
15 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
38.2 to 51.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.5 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
33 to 37
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 2.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 5.0 to 6.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0