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712.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1021 Steel

712.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1021 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 712.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1021 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 75 to 90
130 to 150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.5 to 4.7
17 to 27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140 to 180
190 to 300
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 180
310 to 320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 250 to 260
480 to 530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 180 to 200
260 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 11
84 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 270
180 to 530
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 25
17 to 19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 30 to 31
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
15 to 17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.7 to 94
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.18 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
98.8 to 99.22
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.5 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 5.0 to 6.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0