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850.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade E Steel

850.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade E steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 850.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 45
200 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 7.9
20 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 59
310 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 100
410 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140
650 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 76
430 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 850
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 180
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 47
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 14
2.4
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 9.1
130 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 42
500 to 810
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 44
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
23 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
21 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 69
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.1
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.3 to 93.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.25 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 0.7 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
97 to 98.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.4 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0.7 to 1.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.7
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Tin (Sn), % 5.5 to 7.0
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.3
0