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850.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1040 Steel

850.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1040 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 850.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 45
160 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 7.9
13 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 59
220 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 100
350 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140
570 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 76
320 to 530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 850
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 180
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 47
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 14
1.8
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 9.1
79 to 96
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 42
270 to 760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 44
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
20 to 23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
19 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 69
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.1
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.3 to 93.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.37 to 0.44
Copper (Cu), % 0.7 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
98.6 to 99.03
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0.7 to 1.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.7
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Tin (Sn), % 5.5 to 7.0
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.3
0