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851.0 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CF20 Steel

851.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CF20 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 851.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CF20 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 3.9 to 9.1
50
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 130 to 140
530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
970
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 360
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 850
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 180
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 46
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 14
16
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 13
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 20
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 69
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.1 to 6.3
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 86.6 to 91.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0.7 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
64.2 to 74
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0.3 to 0.7
8.0 to 11
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 2.0 to 3.0
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Tin (Sn), % 5.5 to 7.0
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.3
0