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A357.0 Aluminum vs. Grade 21 Titanium

A357.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A357.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
140
Elongation at Break, % 3.7
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 100
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
51
Shear Strength, MPa 240
550 to 790
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 500
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 610
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
60
Density, g/cm3 2.6
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 12
110 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 520
2760 to 5010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 43
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17
66 to 100

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.8 to 93
2.5 to 3.5
Beryllium (Be), % 0.040 to 0.070
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.7
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
14 to 16
Niobium (Nb), % 0
2.2 to 3.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.17
Silicon (Si), % 6.5 to 7.5
0.15 to 0.25
Titanium (Ti), % 0.040 to 0.2
76 to 81.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4