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A380.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel

A380.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A380.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 80
240 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.3
18 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
450 to 520
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 190
510 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 290
810 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 160
660 to 770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 510
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 96
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 25
8.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 78
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
5.0
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.5
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
61

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 8.3
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
1140 to 1580
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 48
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 34
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 38
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 80.3 to 89.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.5 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 3.0 to 4.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.3
92.5 to 95.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
2.8 to 3.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 7.5 to 9.5
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.35
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.080
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 3.0
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0