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A390.0 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CD4MCu Steel

A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CD4MCu steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CD4MCu steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
200
Elongation at Break, % 0.87 to 0.91
18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 70 to 100
340
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 290
770
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 290
550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
18
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 2.6
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 580
760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 30
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
4.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.0 to 14
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 75.3 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24.5 to 26.5
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
59.9 to 66.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.8 to 2.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.8 to 6.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0