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A390.0 Aluminum vs. AISI 305 Stainless Steel

A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 305 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 305 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110 to 140
170 to 220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
200
Elongation at Break, % 0.87 to 0.91
34 to 45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 70 to 100
210 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 290
580 to 710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 290
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
540
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
16
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 2.6
200 to 210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 580
130 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 30
20 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
20 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.0 to 14
13 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 75.3 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
65.1 to 72.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10.5 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0