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A390.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4028 Steel

A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4028 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110 to 140
150 to 190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
190
Elongation at Break, % 0.87 to 0.91
14 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 70 to 100
180 to 330
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 290
490 to 630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 290
260 to 520

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 2.6
81 to 95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 580
180 to 720
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 30
17 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
18 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.0 to 14
16 to 20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 75.3 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.25 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
98.1 to 98.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0.035 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0