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A390.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 8740 Steel

A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8740 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8740 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110 to 140
170 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
190
Elongation at Break, % 0.87 to 0.91
11 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 70 to 100
270 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 290
580 to 670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 290
380 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.6
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 2.6
71 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 580
390 to 850
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 30
20 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.0 to 14
17 to 20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 75.3 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
96.5 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.4 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0