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A444.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 8645 Steel

A444.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8645 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A444.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8645 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 18
12 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 37
280 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160
600 to 670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 66
390 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 500
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.6
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24
77 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 31
420 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
21 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.3
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.6 to 93.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
96.5 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.4 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 6.5 to 7.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0