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A535.0 Aluminum vs. Grade 21 Titanium

A535.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A535.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
140
Elongation at Break, % 9.0
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 95
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
51
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 250
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 120
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 620
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 910
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
60
Density, g/cm3 2.6
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.3
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 19
110 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120
2760 to 5010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 33
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
66 to 100

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.4 to 93.4
2.5 to 3.5
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 6.5 to 7.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.25
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
14 to 16
Niobium (Nb), % 0
2.2 to 3.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.17
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0.15 to 0.25
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
76 to 81.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4