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AISI 334 Stainless Steel vs. 3104 Aluminum

AISI 334 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 3104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 334 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 3104 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
70
Elongation at Break, % 34
1.1 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
74 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
26
Shear Strength, MPa 360
110 to 180
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
170 to 310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190
68 to 270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1000
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
23

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 22
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.1
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 59
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140
1.6 to 60
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 96
34 to 540
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
17 to 31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
25 to 37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
7.6 to 13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.15 to 0.6
95.1 to 98.4
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.050 to 0.25
Gallium (Ga), % 0
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 55.7 to 62.7
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.8 to 1.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.8 to 1.4
Nickel (Ni), % 19 to 21
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.6
0 to 0.1
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15