3104 (AlMn1Mg1Cu) Aluminum
3104 aluminum is a 3000-series aluminum alloy: the main alloying addition is manganese, and it is formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 3104 is the Aluminum Association (AA) designation for this material. In European standards, it will be given as EN AW-3104. AlMn1Mg1Cu is the EN chemical designation. Additionally, the UNS number is A93104.
It originally received its standard designation in 1978.
It has the lowest electrical conductivity among the 3000-series alloys in the database.
The properties of 3104 aluminum include 16 common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare 3104 aluminum to: 3000-series alloys (top), all aluminum alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
70 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
1.1 to 20 %
Fatigue Strength
74 to 130 MPa 11 to 18 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Shear Modulus
26 GPa 3.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
110 to 180 MPa 16 to 25 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
170 to 310 MPa 25 to 45 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
68 to 270 MPa 9.9 to 40 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
400 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
180 °C 360 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
650 °C 1200 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
600 °C 1120 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
900 J/kg-K 0.21 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
160 W/m-K 91 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
23 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
41 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
130 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
9.5 % relative
Density
2.8 g/cm3 170 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
8.4 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
150 MJ/kg 66 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
1180 L/kg 140 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
1.6 to 60 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
34 to 540 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
50 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
17 to 31 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
25 to 37 points
Thermal Diffusivity
64 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
7.6 to 13 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought aluminum alloys, the composition of 3104 aluminum is notable for including gallium (Ga) and containing a comparatively high amount of manganese (Mn). Gallium is used to improve corrosion resistance and to modify an alloy's response to etching, brightening, and similar treatments. Manganese is used to improve strength without a proportional reduction in ductility. It also improves workability by controlling the grain structure of the alloy.
| Al | 95.1 to 98.4 | |
| Mn | 0.8 to 1.4 | |
| Mg | 0.8 to 1.3 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.8 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.6 | |
| Cu | 0.050 to 0.25 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Ti | 0 to 0.1 | |
| V | 0 to 0.050 | |
| Ga | 0 to 0.050 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.15 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, John E. Hatch (editor), 1984
ASM Specialty Handbook: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 1993
ISO 6361-2: Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys - Sheets, strips and plates - Part 2: Mechanical properties
EN 573-3: Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Chemical composition and form of wrought products. Chemical composition and form of products