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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. AZ31C Magnesium

AISI 416 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ31C magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AZ31C magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
45
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 340
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
17
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
130
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
350
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 680
110
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
19
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
98

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
12
Density, g/cm3 7.7
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
23
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
970

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
28
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 940
440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
70
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
53
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
74
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.4 to 3.6
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
93.4 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0.15 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3