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ASTM A182 Grade F1 vs. Grade 12 Titanium

ASTM A182 grade F1 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 12 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade F1 and the bottom bar is grade 12 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 22
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 34
28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
39
Shear Strength, MPa 340
330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.6

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
3.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
6.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
37
Density, g/cm3 7.9
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
31
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
500
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
8.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.28
0 to 0.080
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 98.8
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.44 to 0.65
0.2 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.6 to 0.9
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.045
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
97.6 to 99.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4