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ASTM A356 Grade 10 vs. Grade VDC Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 10 and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 10 and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
510
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 39
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 460
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 59
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
50

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 2.0 to 2.8
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96.6
98.3 to 99.35
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0.5 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020