ASTM A372 Grade M Steel vs. EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A372 grade M steel and EN 1.4594 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 18 to 21 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 450 to 520 | |
| 490 to 620 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 510 to 570 | |
| 620 to 700 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 810 to 910 | |
| 1020 to 1170 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 660 to 770 | |
| 810 to 1140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 450 | |
| 820 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 8.0 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 9.1 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 5.0 | |
| 15 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 27 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 61 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 3.4 | |
| 19 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 160 | |
| 110 to 190 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1140 to 1580 | |
| 1660 to 3320 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 29 to 32 | |
| 36 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 27 | |
| 29 to 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 4.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 24 to 27 | |
| 34 to 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.23 | |
| 0 to 0.070 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.5 to 2.0 | |
| 13 to 15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.5 to 95.1 | |
| 72.6 to 79.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 2.8 to 3.9 | |
| 5.0 to 6.0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |