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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1044 Steel

Both ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and SAE-AISI 1044 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1044 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 160
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 230
230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 330
380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
620
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 110
94
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 250
320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0.43 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
98.8 to 99.27
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.050