ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM grade HD steel and EN 1.4594 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 85% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.1 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 140 | |
| 490 to 620 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 590 | |
| 1020 to 1170 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 810 to 1140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 460 | |
| 450 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 820 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.1 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 17 | |
| 15 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 29 | |
| 19 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 44 | |
| 110 to 190 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 1660 to 3320 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 26 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 | |
| 36 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 29 to 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.3 | |
| 4.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 34 to 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.070 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 30 | |
| 13 to 15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 58.4 to 70 | |
| 72.6 to 79.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 4.0 to 7.0 | |
| 5.0 to 6.0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |