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ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. C94100 Bronze

ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C94100 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is C94100 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
92
Elongation at Break, % 11
7.8
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.36
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
34
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
190
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
160
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
870
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
790
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
330
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
20

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 27
29
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 65
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
370

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
14
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
97
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
5.5
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
16
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
5.8
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
7.6

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
72 to 79
Iron (Fe), % 40.8 to 53.8
0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), % 0
18 to 22
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 1.5
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.080
Tin (Sn), % 0
4.5 to 6.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 1.3