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B390.0 Aluminum vs. S41045 Stainless Steel

B390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S41045 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is B390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is S41045 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 76
190
Elongation at Break, % 0.88
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 29
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 320
430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
740
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
29
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 27
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 88
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
8.5
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 130
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 940
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.6
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 410
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 55
7.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 72.7 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.3
83.8 to 88
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 1.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0