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B535.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade L Steel

B535.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade L steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is B535.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 65
350
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 66
190
Elongation at Break, % 10
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 62
670
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
73
Shear Strength, MPa 210
700
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 260
1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 130
1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 910
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 96
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 25
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 24
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 82
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
3.5
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.4
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 22
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
2890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28
41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 35
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 40
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
34

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.7 to 93.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.15
95.2 to 96.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 6.5 to 7.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.15
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0.1 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0