EN 1.1233 Steel vs. Grade 23 Titanium
EN 1.1233 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.1233 steel and the bottom bar is grade 23 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 680 to 760 | |
| 930 to 940 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 340 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 9.4 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 1.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.2 | |
| 2.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 38 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 610 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 27 | |
| 58 to 59 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 24 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 22 to 24 | |
| 67 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 5.5 to 6.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.52 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.013 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98 to 99.1 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.9 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.0020 | |
| 0 to 0.13 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 88.1 to 91 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |