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EN 1.4378 Stainless Steel vs. Grade 31 Titanium

EN 1.4378 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4378 stainless steel and the bottom bar is grade 31 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Elongation at Break, % 14 to 34
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340 to 550
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
41
Shear Strength, MPa 510 to 680
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 1130
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 970
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 910
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
540
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.6
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.7
36
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 39
600
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
230

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 150 to 220
99
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 470 to 2370
940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 41
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 31
32
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 23
39

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 61.2 to 69
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 11.5 to 14.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 2.3 to 3.7
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.050
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.35
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
97.9 to 99.76
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4