Grade 23 Titanium vs. Grade 350 Maraging Steel
Grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while grade 350 maraging steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 23 titanium and the bottom bar is grade 350 maraging steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 11 | |
| 4.1 to 18 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.3 |
| Rockwell C Hardness | 32 | |
| 34 to 60 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 75 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 540 to 570 | |
| 710 to 1400 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 930 to 940 | |
| 1140 to 2420 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 870 | |
| 830 to 2300 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1470 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 450 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.4 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 39 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 5.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 74 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 61 to 100 | |
| 98 to 190 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 58 to 59 | |
| 38 to 82 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 48 | |
| 29 to 49 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 67 to 68 | |
| 35 to 74 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 0.050 to 0.15 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0030 |
| Calcium (Ca), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 11.5 to 12.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.013 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 61.2 to 64.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 4.6 to 5.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 18 to 19 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 91 | |
| 1.3 to 1.6 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |