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Grade 23 Titanium vs. Grade TDC Steel

Grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while grade TDC steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 23 titanium and the bottom bar is grade TDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 30
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 40
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 930 to 940
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 340
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1610
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1560
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 560
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.1
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.4
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 1.0
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.0
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 36
1.9
Density, g/cm3 4.4
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 38
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 610
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 58 to 59
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 48
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.9
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 67 to 68
50

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 5.5 to 6.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.013
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.25
98 to 99.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.5 to 1.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.13
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.1 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.020
Titanium (Ti), % 88.1 to 91
0
Vanadium (V), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0