Grade 23 Titanium vs. R31538 Cobalt
Grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while R31538 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 23 titanium and the bottom bar is R31538 cobalt.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 11 | |
| 13 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 470 to 500 | |
| 310 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 30 | |
| 13 to 22 |
| Rockwell C Hardness | 32 | |
| 25 to 35 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 86 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 930 to 940 | |
| 1020 to 1360 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 870 | |
| 580 to 930 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1360 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1290 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 450 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.4 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.0 | |
| 2.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.0 | |
| 2.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 8.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 8.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 110 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 530 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 61 to 100 | |
| 140 to 200 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3430 to 3560 | |
| 750 to 1920 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 58 to 59 | |
| 34 to 45 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 48 | |
| 27 to 32 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.9 | |
| 3.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 67 to 68 | |
| 25 to 33 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 26 to 30 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 58.7 to 68.9 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.013 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 5.0 to 7.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 91 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |