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Grade 27 Titanium vs. Grade 31 Titanium

Both grade 27 titanium and grade 31 titanium are titanium alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 27 titanium and the bottom bar is grade 31 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
110
Elongation at Break, % 27
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 34
34
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
41
Shear Strength, MPa 180
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 270
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
8.7

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.6
3.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.1
6.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 33
36
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 530
600
Embodied Water, L/kg 320
230

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 70
99
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240
940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.8
8.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
39

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.18
0 to 0.35
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Ruthenium (Ru), % 0.080 to 0.14
0
Titanium (Ti), % 99 to 99.92
97.9 to 99.76
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4