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Grade 31 Titanium vs. AISI 309 Stainless Steel

Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AISI 309 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is AISI 309 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
34 to 47
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300
250 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
78
Shear Strength, MPa 320
420 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
600 to 710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450
260 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.4
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.9
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
3.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 99
200 to 230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 940
170 to 310
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
21 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
20 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.5
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 39
14 to 16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
22 to 24
Cobalt (Co), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
58 to 66
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12 to 15
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.35
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 97.9 to 99.76
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0