Grade 31 Titanium vs. EN 1.3961 Alloy
Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.3961 alloy belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.3961 alloy.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 | |
| 31 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.3 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 300 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 510 | |
| 450 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 | |
| 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1390 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 460 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.7 | |
| 1.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 4.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 66 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 110 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 99 | |
| 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 940 | |
| 250 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 | |
| 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 39 | |
| 130 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 60.7 to 65 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 35 to 37 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 97.9 to 99.76 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |