Grade 31 Titanium vs. EN 1.4303 Stainless Steel
Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.4303 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.4303 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 | |
| 13 to 49 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 300 | |
| 220 to 320 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 420 to 540 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 510 | |
| 590 to 900 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 | |
| 230 to 560 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
| 940 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1420 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1380 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 21 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.7 | |
| 16 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.4 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 6.9 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 46 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 99 | |
| 110 to 230 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 940 | |
| 140 to 800 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 | |
| 21 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 20 to 26 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.5 | |
| 4.0 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 39 | |
| 13 to 20 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 64.8 to 72 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 11 to 13 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.045 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 97.9 to 99.76 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |