Grade 31 Titanium vs. Nickel 684
Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while nickel 684 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is nickel 684.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 | |
| 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 300 | |
| 390 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 34 | |
| 17 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 710 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 510 | |
| 1190 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 | |
| 800 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
| 1000 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1370 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1320 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.7 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 10 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 360 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 99 | |
| 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 940 | |
| 1610 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 | |
| 40 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 30 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 39 | |
| 34 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.3 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0.0030 to 0.010 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 15 to 20 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| 13 to 20 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 4.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 3.0 to 5.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 42.7 to 64 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 97.9 to 99.76 | |
| 2.5 to 3.3 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |