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Grade 31 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 8645 Steel

Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8645 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8645 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
12 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300
280 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
73
Shear Strength, MPa 320
380 to 400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
600 to 670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450
390 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.4
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.9
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 99
77 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 940
420 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
21 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.5
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 39
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Cobalt (Co), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
96.5 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.4 to 0.7
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.35
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 97.9 to 99.76
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0