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Grade 31 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 9255 Steel

Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 9255 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9255 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
72
Shear Strength, MPa 320
430
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
680
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.9
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 99
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 940
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.5
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 39
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.51 to 0.59
Cobalt (Co), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
96.2 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.35
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0
1.8 to 2.2
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 97.9 to 99.76
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0