Grade 31 Titanium vs. R30816 Cobalt
Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while R30816 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is R30816 cobalt.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 210 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 | |
| 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 300 | |
| 250 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.3 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 34 | |
| 22 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 81 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 510 | |
| 1020 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 450 | |
| 460 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 300 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1540 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1460 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 420 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 21 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.7 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 9.1 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 320 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 440 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 99 | |
| 190 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 940 | |
| 510 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 | |
| 31 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 25 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.5 | |
| 3.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 39 | |
| 28 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.32 to 0.42 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 19 to 21 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| 40 to 49.8 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 5.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 19 to 21 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 97.9 to 99.76 | |
| 0 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |