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Grade 31 Titanium vs. S44735 Stainless Steel

Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while S44735 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is S44735 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
210
Elongation at Break, % 20
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300
300
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
82
Shear Strength, MPa 320
390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
61
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 99
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 940
520
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 39
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
28 to 30
Cobalt (Co), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
60.7 to 68.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.6 to 4.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.2 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.045
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.35
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 97.9 to 99.76
0.2 to 1.0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0