Grade 32 Titanium vs. Grade 9 Titanium
Both grade 32 titanium and grade 9 titanium are titanium alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 32 titanium and the bottom bar is grade 9 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 390 | |
| 330 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.32 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 28 | |
| 28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 460 | |
| 430 to 580 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 770 | |
| 700 to 960 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 670 | |
| 540 to 830 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 330 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.2 | |
| 9.1 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.0 | |
| 1.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.1 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 38 | |
| 37 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 36 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 530 | |
| 580 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 83 | |
| 89 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2100 | |
| 1380 to 3220 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 47 | |
| 43 to 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 | |
| 39 to 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.0 | |
| 3.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 63 | |
| 52 to 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 4.5 to 5.5 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.6 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.11 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.060 to 0.14 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0.6 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 93 | |
| 92.6 to 95.5 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.6 to 1.4 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0.6 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |