Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V, 3.7195, R56320) Titanium
Grade 9 titanium is a titanium alloy formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 3.7195 is the EN numeric designation for this material. R56320 is the UNS number. Ti-3Al-2.5V is the common industry name. Additionally, the ASTM designation is Titanium Grade 9.
The properties of grade 9 titanium include three common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare grade 9 titanium to: wrought titaniums (top), all titanium alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 15 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
11 to 17 %
Fatigue Strength
330 to 480 MPa 48 to 70 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.32
Reduction in Area
28 %
Shear Modulus
40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
430 to 580 MPa 62 to 84 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
700 to 960 MPa 100 to 140 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
540 to 830 MPa 78 to 120 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
410 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
330 °C 630 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1640 °C 2980 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1590 °C 2890 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
550 J/kg-K 0.13 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
8.1 W/m-K 4.7 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
9.1 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
1.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
37 % relative
Density
4.5 g/cm3 280 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
36 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
580 MJ/kg 250 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
150 L/kg 18 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
89 to 110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
1380 to 3220 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
35 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
43 to 60 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
39 to 48 points
Thermal Diffusivity
3.3 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
52 to 71 points
Alloy Composition
| Ti | 92.6 to 95.5 | |
| Al | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| V | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.25 | |
| O | 0 to 0.15 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| N | 0 to 0.030 | |
| H | 0 to 0.015 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.4 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B861: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe
ASTM B381: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
ASTM B265: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate
ASTM B348: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Fundamentals and Applications, Christoph Leyens and Manfred Peters (editors), 2003
Titanium, 2nd ed., G. Lutjering and J. C. Williams, 2007
Aerospace Materials, Brian Cantor et al. (editors), 2001
Sintering of Advanced Materials: Fundamentals and Processes, Zhigang Zak Fang (editor), 2010
Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials, Lloyd H. Hihara et al., 2014.
Advanced Materials in Automotive Engineering, Jason Rowe (editor), 2012