Grade 5 Titanium vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel
Grade 5 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 5 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 8.6 to 11 | |
| 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 530 to 630 | |
| 150 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1000 to 1190 | |
| 500 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 910 to 1110 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1650 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.9 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 27 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 65 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 210 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 to 110 | |
| 48 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3980 to 5880 | |
| 180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 62 to 75 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 50 to 56 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 76 to 91 | |
| 11 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.8 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 28 to 32 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 40.8 to 53.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 18 to 22 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 87.4 to 91 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Yttrium (Y), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |