Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V, 3.7165, R56400) Titanium
Grade 5 titanium is a titanium alloy formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 3.7165 is the EN numeric designation for this material. R56400 is the UNS number. Ti-6Al-4V is the common industry name. Additionally, the ASTM designation is Titanium Grade 5.
This material is well established: the Further Reading section below cites a number of published standards, and that list is not necessarily exhaustive.
It has a fairly low density among wrought titaniums. In addition, it has a moderately high heat capacity and a fairly high melting temperature.
The properties of grade 5 titanium include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare grade 5 titanium to: wrought titaniums (top), all titanium alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 15 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
8.6 to 11 %
Fatigue Strength
530 to 630 MPa 78 to 91 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.32
Reduction in Area
21 to 25 %
Rockwell C Hardness
33
Shear Modulus
40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
600 to 710 MPa 87 to 100 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
1000 to 1190 MPa 140 to 170 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
910 to 1110 MPa 130 to 160 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
410 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
330 °C 620 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1610 °C 2930 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1650 °C 3000 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
560 J/kg-K 0.13 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
6.8 W/m-K 3.9 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
8.9 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
1.0 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.0 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
36 % relative
Density
4.4 g/cm3 280 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
38 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
610 MJ/kg 260 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
200 L/kg 24 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
100 to 110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
3980 to 5880 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
35 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
62 to 75 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
50 to 56 points
Thermal Diffusivity
2.7 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
76 to 91 points
Alloy Composition
| Ti | 87.4 to 91 | |
| Al | 5.5 to 6.8 | |
| V | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.4 | |
| O | 0 to 0.2 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| N | 0 to 0.050 | |
| H | 0 to 0.015 | |
| Y | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.4 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM F1472: Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56400)
ISO 5832-3: Implants for surgery - Metallic materials - Part 3: Wrought titanium 6-aluminium 4-vanadium alloy
ASTM B861: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe
ASTM B381: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
ASTM B265: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate
ASTM B348: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Fundamentals and Applications, Christoph Leyens and Manfred Peters (editors), 2003
Titanium, 2nd ed., G. Lutjering and J. C. Williams, 2007
Aerospace Materials, Brian Cantor et al. (editors), 2001
Sintering of Advanced Materials: Fundamentals and Processes, Zhigang Zak Fang (editor), 2010