Grade 9 Titanium vs. EN 1.4378 Stainless Steel
Grade 9 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.4378 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 9 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.4378 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 14 to 34 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 480 | |
| 340 to 550 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 430 to 580 | |
| 510 to 680 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 700 to 960 | |
| 760 to 1130 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 830 | |
| 430 to 970 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 910 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1350 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.1 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 37 | |
| 12 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.6 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 2.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 580 | |
| 39 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 150 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 89 to 110 | |
| 150 to 220 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1380 to 3220 | |
| 470 to 2370 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 60 | |
| 28 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 48 | |
| 24 to 31 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 52 to 71 | |
| 16 to 23 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 61.2 to 69 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 11.5 to 14.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.3 to 3.7 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.6 to 95.5 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |