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Grade TDC Steel vs. Grade 23 Titanium

Grade TDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade TDC steel and the bottom bar is grade 23 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 50
30
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
40
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
930 to 940

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
340
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
560
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
7.1
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.4

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
2.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
36
Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
38
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
610
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
200

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
58 to 59
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
67 to 68

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
5.5 to 6.5
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.013
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 99.4
0 to 0.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.13
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
88.1 to 91
Vanadium (V), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4