Grade VDC Steel vs. EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel
Both grade VDC steel and EN 1.4594 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1700 | |
| 1020 to 1170 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 820 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 15 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 60 | |
| 36 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 40 | |
| 29 to 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 4.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 50 | |
| 34 to 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.6 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.070 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 13 to 15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.060 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.3 to 99.35 | |
| 72.6 to 79.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 5.0 to 6.0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |