Grey Cast Iron vs. Grade 31 Titanium
Grey cast iron belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is grade 31 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.6 | |
| 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 69 to 170 | |
| 300 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 69 | |
| 41 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 180 to 610 | |
| 320 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 160 to 450 | |
| 510 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 98 to 290 | |
| 450 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1660 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1180 | |
| 1610 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 540 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 21 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 8.7 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 3.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.9 | |
| 6.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.5 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 36 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 600 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 44 | |
| 230 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 13 to 37 | |
| 99 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 27 to 240 | |
| 940 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 5.8 to 17 | |
| 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 8.7 to 17 | |
| 32 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 8.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 6.0 to 17 | |
| 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 3.1 to 3.4 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.8 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.1 to 93.9 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0 | |
| 0.040 to 0.080 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 2.5 to 2.8 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 97.9 to 99.76 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |