Monel 400 vs. ASTM Grade HN Steel
Monel 400 belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while ASTM grade HN steel belongs to the iron alloys. They have a modest 28% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is Monel 400 and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HN steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 160 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 to 40 | |
| 9.0 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 62 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 540 to 780 | |
| 500 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 310 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1000 | |
| 1080 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1350 | |
| 1400 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1300 | |
| 1350 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 430 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 23 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 16 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 50 | |
| 26 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 7.9 | |
| 4.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 110 | |
| 66 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 250 | |
| 180 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 10 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 21 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 to 25 | |
| 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 21 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.1 | |
| 3.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 17 to 25 | |
| 11 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0.2 to 0.5 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 19 to 23 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 28 to 34 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 2.5 | |
| 44.9 to 57.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 63 to 72 | |
| 23 to 27 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.024 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |